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HSBC traces its origins to a simple idea: a local bank to serve international trade needs between Europe and Asia. The bank was founded in British Hong Kong by Sir Thomas Sutherland, opening its doors on March 3, 1865, and was formally incorporated in 1866 as The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation. Following its acquisition of Midland Bank in 1992, the parent company, HSBC Holdings plc, moved its headquarters to London. The parent entity, HSBC Holdings plc, is a public British universal bank and financial services group, listed on major exchanges including the London Stock Exchange and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.

In the Indian financial system, HSBC holds significant status as a major international bank with a continuous presence spanning over 170 years. It operates as one of India's leading financial services groups, employing approximately 44,000 people across banking, investment banking, asset management (including HSBC Mutual Fund), and insurance (via a joint venture), and is a leading custodian in the country. Demonstrating its commitment to the growing wealth market, HSBC notably relaunched its Global Private Banking business in 2023, specifically targeting India's high-net-worth and ultra-high-net-worth individuals. This positioning highlights its role in facilitating international financial flows and catering to the high-end wealth management sector.